Facial masks, known as N95 and KN95 respirator, are the common names for the regulatory standards used to test their efficiency at filtering at least 95% of very small particles. The N95 is the standard used in the United States, while the KN95 refers to a standard in China.
With such similar-sounding names, it can be confusing to understand the difference between N95 and KN95 masks. This chart will explain the differences between N95 and KN95 masks (and all characteristics that are the same).
Lots of users are most concerned about what percentage of particle capture the mask takes. In this metric, the N95 and KN95 respiratory masks are the same. Both masks are rated to capture 95% of tiny particles (0.3-micron particles, to be exact).
Since N95 and KN95 masks are rated for capturing 95% of 0.3-micron particles, people can often assume that masks cannot capture particles less than 0.3 m. If this is true, then it does not make sense that masks really do a good job of preventing viral infections.
Both ratings require masks to be tested for filtration efficiency at capturing salt particles (NaCl), so both are tested at a flow rate of 85 L/minute. However, there are some differences between N95 and KN95.
Most of these differences are small and would be uninteresting to the average mask user. However, here are the key differences:
- To be certified as a KN95 mask, the Chinese government requires the manufacturer to test a special mask fit on real humans with ≤ 8% leakage. The N95 mask standard does not require manufacturers to run fit tests. However, this does not mean that fit tests are not helpful. Many hospitals and companies require their employees to be fit-tested.
- N95 masks have somewhat stricter requirements for pressure drops when inhaled. This means they’re required to be slightly more breathable than KN95 masks.
- N95s also have slightly stricter requirements for pressure drop while exhaling, which should help with breathability.
In short, N95 masks are the US standards for respirator masks; KN95 masks are the Chinese standards for masks.
According to mask manufacturer 3M, “it is reasonable to consider” China’s KN95s “equivalent” to US N95s. Mask standards for Europe (FFP2), Australia (P2), Korea (KMOEL), and Japan (DS) are also highly similar. However, prior to selecting a respirator, users should consult their local respiratory protection regulations and requirement or check with their local public health authorities for selection guidance.
